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Perspectives in Intractable Pain Management
An analysis of current diverging viewpoints

Governments' and State Medical Boards' Perspectives
Reference List

  1. Joranson DE. Federal and State Regulation of Opioids. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1990;5(1):S12-S23. Available at: http://www.medsch.wisc.edu/painpolicy/publicat/90jpsmf.htm
  2. Joranson DE, Gilson A. Controlled Substances, Medical Practice, and the Law. In: Schwartz HI, ed. Psychiatric Practice Under Fire: The Influence of Government, the Media, and Special Interests on Somatic Therapies. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1994:173-194.
  3. Angarola RT, Wray SD. Legal impediments to cancer pain treatment. In: Hill CS, Fields WS, eds. Advances in Pain Research and Therapy. Vol 11. New York, NY: Raven; 1989:213-231.
  4. Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961. UN Sales No. E.77.X13, 1977. Cited by: Angarola RT, Wray SD. Legal impediments to cancer pain treatment. In: Hill CS, Fields WS, eds. Advances in Pain Research and Therapy. Vol 11. New York, NY: Raven; 1989:213-231.
  5. Commentary on the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961. UN Sales No. E.73.XI.1, 1973. Cited by: Angarola RT, Wray SD. Legal impediments to cancer pain treatment. In: Hill CS, Fields WS, eds. Advances in Pain Research and Therapy. Vol 11. New York, NY: Raven; 1989:213-231.
  6. Morgan JP, Kagan DV, eds. Opiophobia in the United States: The Undertreatment of Severe Pain In: Society and medication: conflicting signals for prescribers and patients. New York, NY: D.C. Heath and Company; 1983;chap 24.
  7. Melzack R. Tragedy of Needless Pain. Sci Am. 1990 Feb;262(2):27-33.
  8. Controlled Substances Act, 21 USC. §812 (1970).
  9. Code of Federal Regulations (Food and Drugs), 21 USC. §1300-13161 (1987). Cited by: Angarola RT, Wray SD. Legal impediments to cancer pain treatment. In: Hill CS, Fields WS, eds. Advances in Pain Research and Therapy. Vol 11. New York, NY: Raven; 1989:213-231.
  10. United States Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration. Physician’s Manual. Washington, DC: GPO; 1987.
  11. Joranson DE, Cleeland CS, Weissman DH, Gilson AM. Opioids for chronic cancer and non-cancer pain: a survey of medical board members. Fed Bull. 1992;79(4):15-49.
  12. Pain Killer [transcript]. "60 Minutes." CBS television. May 25, 1997.
  13. United States Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration. Multiple copy prescription programs resource guide. Washington, DC: GPO; 1987. Cited by: Angarola RT, Wray SD. Legal impediments to cancer pain treatment. In: Hill CS, Fields WS, eds. Advances in Pain Research and Therapy. Vol 11. New York, NY: Raven; 1989:213-231.
  14. Finkelstein KE. Deadly Morals. Playboy. 1997;44(8).
  15. Sigler KA. Effect of triplicate prescription law on prescribing of Schedule II drugs. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1984;41:108-111.
  16. Sullum J. No Relief in Sight. Reason. 1997;28(8). Available at: http://www.reasonmag.com/9701/fe.jacob.html
  17. American Society of Addiction Medicine. Public Policy Statement on Definitions Related to the Use of Opioids in Pain Treatment. Available at: http://www.asam.org/ppol/paindef.htm
  18. Spanos A. Opioids for noncancer pain: from controversy to consensus. Int J Pharm Compounding. 1998;2(2):106-108.
  19. Wastila LJ, Bishop C. The influence of multiple copy prescription programs on analgesic utilization. J Pharm Care Pain Symptom Control. 1996;4(3):3-19.
  20. Dunbar SA, Katz NP. Chronic opioid therapy for nonmalignant pain in patients with a history of substance abuse: report of 20 cases. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1996;11(3):163-171.
  21. Joranson DE, Gilson AM. State intractable pain policy: current status. APS Bull. 1997;7(2):7-9.
  22. California Medical Board. A statement by the medical board: Prescribing controlled substances for pain. Fed Bull. 1994;81(3):203-205. Available at: http://www.sonic.net/daltons/melissa/calmed1.html

Governments' and State Medical Boards' Perspectives

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